小编给大家分享一下RHEL7.3如何安装oracle12c 单点grid和rdbms，相信大部分人都还不怎么了解，因此分享这篇文章给大家参考一下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后大有收获，下面让我们一起去了解一下吧！
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##安装桌面
yum -y groupinstall "Server with GUI"
#启动桌面
startx
#设置启动模式
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl get-default
multi-user.target
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/inittab
# inittab is no longer used when using systemd.
#
# ADDING CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM.
#
# Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by /usr/lib/systemd/system/ctrl-alt-del.target
#
# systemd uses 'targets' instead of runlevels. By default, there are two main targets:
#
# multi-user.target: analogous to runlevel 3 #多用户模式
# graphical.target: analogous to runlevel 5 #图形化模式
#
# To view current default target, run:
# systemctl get-default
#
# To set a default target, run:
# systemctl set-default TARGET.target
#
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl set-default graphical.target
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/default.target.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/default.target to /usr/lib/systemd/system/graphical.target.
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl get-default
graphical.target
##创建用户和组
groupadd -g 500 oinstall
groupadd -g 501 dba
groupadd -g 502 oper
groupadd -g 600 asmadmin
groupadd -g 601 asmdba
groupadd -g 602 asmoper
useradd -u 1000 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba oracle
useradd -u 1001 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,asmadmin,asmoper grid
##packages for linux 7
rpm -qa | grep binutils-2.23.52.0.1-12.el7.x86_64
rpm -qa | grep compat-libcap1-1.10-3.el7.x86_64
rpm -qa | grep compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.i686
rpm -qa | grep compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-71.el7.x86_64
rpm -qa | grep gcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
rpm -qa | grep gcc-c++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
rpm -qa | grep glibc-2.17-36.el7.i686
rpm -qa | grep glibc-2.17-36.el7.x86_64
rpm -qa | grep glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.i686
rpm -qa | grep glibc-devel-2.17-36.el7.x86_64
rpm -qa | grep ksh
rpm -qa | grep libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.i686
rpm -qa | grep libaio-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64
rpm -qa | grep libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.i686
rpm -qa | grep libaio-devel-0.3.109-9.el7.x86_64
rpm -qa | grep libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
rpm -qa | grep libgcc-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
rpm -qa | grep libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
rpm -qa | grep libstdc++-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
rpm -qa | grep libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.i686
rpm -qa | grep libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-3.el7.x86_64
rpm -qa | grep libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.i686
rpm -qa | grep libXi-1.7.2-1.el7.x86_64
rpm -qa | grep libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.i686
rpm -qa | grep libXtst-1.2.2-1.el7.x86_64
rpm -qa | grep make-3.82-19.el7.x86_64
rpm -qa | grep sysstat-10.1.5-1.el7.x86_64
yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*.i686 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc*.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libaio libaio-*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.i686 libgcc libgcc*.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++devel*.i686 libXi libXi*.i686 libXtst libXtst*.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel unixODBC*.i686
yum -y localinstall compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-72.el7.* #单独下载
##vi /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
/sbin/sysctl -p
##官方文档对shmmax的设置解释，(文档 ID 567506.1)，我一般直接使用当前设置/sbin/sysctl -a | grep shm
#Oracle Global Customer Support officially recommends a " maximum" for SHMMAX of "1/2 of physical RAM".
#The maximum size of a shared memory segment is limited by the size of the available user address space. On 64-bit systems, this is a theoretical 2^64bytes. So the "theoretical limit" for SHMMAX is the amount of physical RAM that you have. However, to actually attempt to use such a value could potentially lead to a situation where no system memory is available for anything else. Therefore a more realistic "physical limit" for SHMMAX would probably be "physical RAM - 2Gb".
#In an Oracle RDBMS application, this "physical limit" still leaves inadequate system memory for other necessary functions. Therefore, the common "Oracle maximum" for SHMMAX that you will often see is "1/2 of physical RAM". Many Oracle customers chose a higher fraction, at their discretion.
#Occasionally, Customers may erroneously think that that setting the SHMMAX as recommended in this NOTE limits the total SGA. That is not true. Setting the SHMMAX as recommended only causes a few more "shared memory segments" to be used for whatever total SGA that you subsequently configure in Oracle. For additional detail, please see
##
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 10240
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
grid soft stack 10240
grid hard stack 10240
##创建安装目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/gridhome
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
chown grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid
chown grid:oinstall /u01/app/gridhome
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
##修改hosts文件，
ip add | grep enp0s8 | grep inet | awk '{print $2}' | awk -F"/" '{printf $1" "}{cmd="hostname";system(cmd)}' >> /etc/hosts
cat /etc/hosts
##关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/firewalld.service.
[root@rhel7ora11 ~]# getenforce
Enforcing
[root@rhel7ora11 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@rhel7ora11 ~]# getenforce
Permissive
[root@rhel7ora11 ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
或
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
##udev绑定裸设备,这里只绑定权限
[root@rhel7-ora12c-ip156 ~]# /usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u /dev/sdb1
1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBc9bd6bdf-a347ac26
[root@rhel7-ora12c-ip156 ~]# /usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u /dev/sdc1
1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB8aeda10c-71ca412a
[root@rhel7-ora12c-ip156 ~]# vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules
KERNEL=="sd?1", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/$parent",
RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBc9bd6bdf-a347ac26", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
KERNEL=="sd?1", SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/$parent",
RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB8aeda10c-71ca412a", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
[root@rhel7-ora12c-ip156 ~]# systemctl restart systemd-udev-trigger.service
[root@rhel7-ora12c-ip156 ~]# ls -Ll /dev/sd?1
##设置用户参数文件
su - grid
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/gridhome
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
su - oracle
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
##安装cvuqdisk
[root@rhel7-ora12c-ip156 gridhome]# rpm -ivh ./cv/rpm/cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm
##编辑ohas文件，在执行root.sh脚本以后一直监控/etc/init.d/init.ohasd文件，文件存在马上启动ohas服务
[root@rhel7-ora12c-ip156 ~]# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.service
[Unit] Description=Oracle High Availability Services After=syslog.target [Service] ExecStart=/etc/init.d/init.ohasd run >/dev/null 2>&1 Type=simple Restart=always [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target |
[root@rhel7-ora12c-ip156 ~]# chmod 777 /usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.service
##执行root脚本以后，一直检查下面的文件是否存在，当文件存在马上手动启动oha，推介
[root@rhel7-ora12c-ip156 ~]# ls /etc/init.d/init.ohasd
/etc/init.d/init.ohasd
[root@rhel7-ora12c-ip156 ~]# systemctl start ohas.service
[root@rhel7-ora12c-ip156 ~]# systemctl status ohas.service
● ohas.service - Oracle High Availability Services
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/ohas.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Fri 2017-09-15 03:40:12 EDT; 5s ago
Main PID: 11434 (init.ohasd)
CGroup: /system.slice/ohas.service
└─11434 /bin/sh /etc/init.d/init.ohasd run >/dev/null 2>&1 Type=simple
Sep 15 03:40:12 rhel7-ora12c-ip156 systemd[1]: Started Oracle High Availability Services.
Sep 15 03:40:12 rhel7-ora12c-ip156 systemd[1]: Starting Oracle High Availability Services...
Sep 15 03:40:12 rhel7-ora12c-ip156 su[11461]: (to grid) root on none
[root@rhel7-ora12c-ip156 ~]# /u01/app/grid/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/grid/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/grid/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@rhel7-ora12c-ip156 ~]# /u01/app/gridhome/root.sh
Performing root user operation.
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= grid
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/gridhome
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
The contents of "dbhome" have not changed. No need to overwrite.
The contents of "oraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.
The contents of "coraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/gridhome/crs/install/crsconfig_params
The log of current session can be found at:
/u01/app/grid/crsdata/rhel7-ora12c-ip156/crsconfig/roothas_2017-09-15_03-40-36AM.log
2017/09/15 03:40:36 CLSRSC-363: User ignored prerequisites during installation
2017/09/15 03:40:40 CLSRSC-330: Adding Clusterware entries to file 'oracle-ohasd.service'
CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'rhel7-ora12c-ip156'
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.evmd' on 'rhel7-ora12c-ip156'
CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.evmd' on 'rhel7-ora12c-ip156' succeeded
CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on 'rhel7-ora12c-ip156' has completed
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.
rhel7-ora12c-ip156 2017/09/15 03:41:35 /u01/app/gridhome/cdata/rhel7-ora12c-ip156/backup_20170915_034135.olr 0
##报错：
2017/09/16 03:35:51 CLSRSC-330: Adding Clusterware entries to file 'oracle-ohasd.service'
2017/09/16 03:36:34 CLSRSC-400: A system reboot is required to continue installing.
The command '/u01/app/gridhome/perl/bin/perl -I/u01/app/gridhome/perl/lib -I/u01/app/gridhome/crs/install /u01/app/gridhome/crs/install/roothas.pl ' execution failed
解决：
[grid@dbs0biiprc01 ~]$ acfsdriverstate -orahome $ORACLE_HOME supported
ACFS-9459: ADVM/ACFS is not supported on this OS version: '3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64'
ACFS-9201: Not Supported
再次执行root脚本
[root@rhel7-ora12c-ip156 ~]# /u01/app/gridhome/bin/crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name Target State Server State details
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA1.dg
ONLINE ONLINE rhel7-ora12c-ip156 STABLE
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
ONLINE ONLINE rhel7-ora12c-ip156 STABLE
ora.asm
ONLINE ONLINE rhel7-ora12c-ip156 Started,STABLE
ora.ons
OFFLINE OFFLINE rhel7-ora12c-ip156 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.cssd
1 ONLINE ONLINE rhel7-ora12c-ip156 STABLE
ora.diskmon
1 OFFLINE OFFLINE STABLE
ora.evmd
1 ONLINE ONLINE rhel7-ora12c-ip156 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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