resource manager HA是hadoop自从2.4之后推出的功能，以Active/Standby的方式提供冗余，目的是为了消除单点失败的风险。
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1、总体架构：
2、故障切换：有自动和手动两种形式。
手动：如果以手动形式切换，使用yarn haadmin命令首先将Active节点转为standby，再将standby节点转为active。
自动：RM有基于zookeeper的节点选举机制决定哪一个是活动节点。不需要像HDFS一样部署一个zkfc守护进程，因为RM内嵌了这样的功能。
做了rm的HA之后，所有节点和客户端都要列出所有RM节点，连接时会用轮询的方式遍历，直到找到一个active的节点。如果活动节点down了，它们会继续轮询。这一动作被实现为org.apache.hadoop.yarn.client.ConfiguredRMFailoverProxyProvider类。可以通过重新实现该类，并在yarn.client.failover-proxy-provider 配置项中指定新的类名来改写这一行为逻辑。
3、配置
| Configuration Properties | Description |
|---|---|
| yarn.resourcemanager.zk-address | Address of the ZK-quorum. Used both for the state-store and embedded leader-election. |
| yarn.resourcemanager.ha.enabled | Enable RM HA. |
| yarn.resourcemanager.ha.rm-ids | List of logical IDs for the RMs. e.g., “rm1,rm2”. |
| yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm-id | For each rm-id, specify the hostname the RM corresponds to. Alternately, one could set each of the RM’s service addresses. |
| yarn.resourcemanager.address.rm-id | For each rm-id, specify host:port for clients to submit jobs. If set, overrides the hostname set in yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm-id. |
| yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address.rm-id | For each rm-id, specify scheduler host:port for ApplicationMasters to obtain resources. If set, overrides the hostname set in yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm-id. |
| yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address.rm-id | For each rm-id, specify host:port for NodeManagers to connect. If set, overrides the hostname set in yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm-id. |
| yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address.rm-id | For each rm-id, specify host:port for administrative commands. If set, overrides the hostname set in yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm-id. |
| yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address.rm-id | For each rm-id, specify host:port of the RM web application corresponds to. You do not need this if you set yarn.http.policy to HTTPS_ONLY. If set, overrides the hostname set in yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm-id. |
| yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.https.address.rm-id | For each rm-id, specify host:port of the RM https web application corresponds to. You do not need this if you set yarn.http.policy to HTTP_ONLY. If set, overrides the hostname set in yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm-id. |
| yarn.resourcemanager.ha.id | Identifies the RM in the ensemble. This is optional; however, if set, admins have to ensure that all the RMs have their own IDs in the config. |
| yarn.resourcemanager.ha.automatic-failover.enabled | Enable automatic failover; By default, it is enabled only when HA is enabled. |
| yarn.resourcemanager.ha.automatic-failover.embedded | Use embedded leader-elector to pick the Active RM, when automatic failover is enabled. By default, it is enabled only when HA is enabled. |
| yarn.resourcemanager.cluster-id | Identifies the cluster. Used by the elector to ensure an RM doesn’t take over as Active for another cluster. |
| yarn.client.failover-proxy-provider | The class to be used by Clients, AMs and NMs to failover to the Active RM. |
| yarn.client.failover-max-attempts | The max number of times FailoverProxyProvider should attempt failover. |
| yarn.client.failover-sleep-base-ms | The sleep base (in milliseconds) to be used for calculating the exponential delay between failovers. |
| yarn.client.failover-sleep-max-ms | The maximum sleep time (in milliseconds) between failovers. |
| yarn.client.failover-retries | The number of retries per attempt to connect to a ResourceManager. |
| yarn.client.failover-retries-on-socket-timeouts | The number of retries per attempt to connect to a ResourceManager on socket timeouts. |
4、示例（最小配置）
yarn.resourcemanager.ha.enabled
true
yarn.resourcemanager.cluster-id
cluster1
yarn.resourcemanager.ha.rm-ids
rm1,rm2
yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm1
master1
yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm2
master2
yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address.rm1
master1:8088
yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address.rm2
master2:8088
yarn.resourcemanager.zk-address
zk1:2181,zk2:2181,zk3:2181
5、管理命令
查看节点状态：
$ yarn rmadmin -getServiceState rm1
active
$ yarn rmadmin -getServiceState rm2
standby
故障切换：
$ yarn rmadmin -transitionToStandby rm1
$ yarn rmadmin -transitionToActive rm2
注意：
开启自动故障切换后，系统为防止造成脑裂或其它不一致的状态，会拒绝人为管理HA状态。如果非常清楚自己的行为，可以在切换命令中指定-forcemanual选项。