一.模拟数据文件删除
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[oracle@node1 ~]$ sqlplus /as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Productionon Sat Dec31 22:00:52 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
--数据库版本
Connected to:
Oracle Database11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle DatabaseVault and Real Application Testing options
--所有数据文件
SQL> selectname from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
--删除example01.dbf数据文件
SQL> !rm /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
SQL> !ls -l /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
ls: /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf: 没有那个文件或目录
--因为数据文件被删除，创建表失败
SQL> createtable t_xifenfei tablespace example
2 as select* from dba_tables;
as select * fromdba_tables
*
ERROR atline 2:
ORA-01116: error in opening databasefile 5
ORA-01110: data file 5:'/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf'
ORA-27041: unableto open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2:No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
二.找回数据文件
--查找dbw进程spid
[oracle@node1 ~]$ ps -ef|grepdbw|grep -v grep
oracle 18387 1 0 Dec22 ? 00:00:12 ora_dbw0_ora11g
--查看该进程所有文件句柄
[oracle@node1 ~]$ ll/proc/18387/fd
总计 0
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 0 ->/dev/null
l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 1 ->/dev/null
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 10 ->/dev/zero
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 11 ->/dev/zero
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 12 ->/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/orazhs.msb
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 13 ->/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_ora11g.dat
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 14 ->/proc/18387/fd
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 15 ->/dev/zero
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 16 ->/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msb
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 17 ->/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_ora11g.dat
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 18 ->/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/lkORA11G
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 19 ->/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/orazhs.msb
l-wx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 2 ->/dev/null
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 20 ->/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msb
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 21 -> socket:[441562]
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 256 ->/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/control01.ctl
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 257 ->/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 258 ->/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 259 ->/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 260 ->/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 261 ->/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf (deleted)
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 262 ->/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/temp01.dbf
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 3 ->/dev/null
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 4 ->/dev/null
lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 5 ->/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_ora11g.dat
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 6 ->/dev/null
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 7 ->/dev/null
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 8 ->/dev/null
lr-x------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 9 ->/dev/null
--通过句柄恢复数据文件[被删除数据文件会被标示(deleted)]
[oracle@node1 ~]$cp /proc/18387/fd/261/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
--确认该数据文件已经恢复成功
[oracle@node1 ~]$ ll/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 12-31 22:05/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
三.数据文件online
SQL> alterdatabase datafile 5 offline;
Database altered.
SQL> recover datafile 5;
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alterdatabase datafile 5 online;
Database altered.
SQL> createtable t_xifenfei tablespace example
2 as select* from dba_tables;
Table created.
四.补充说明
在意外使用os命令删除掉数据文件时，千万不要慌张重启数据库或者操作系统，可以通过dbwn进程相关句柄找回数据文件
如果是unix系统，可能需要先通过lsof找到句柄，然后通过cp实现
[root@xifenfei ~]# tar xjf lsof_4.86.tar.bz2
[root@xifenfei lsof_4.86]# tar xvf lsof_4.86_src.tar
[root@xifenfei lsof_4.86_src]# ./Configure
No target dialect was specified.
Usage: Configure
: -clean : clean up previous configuration
-d|-dialects : display a list of supported dialect versions
-h|-help : display help information
-n : avoid AFS, customization, and inventory checks
(****USE -d TO GET TESTED DIALECT VERSION NUMBERS****):
aix|aixgcc : IBM AIX xlc (aix) or gcc (aixgcc)
darwin : Apple Darwin
decosf : DEC OSF/1
digital_unix|du : Digital UNIX
freebsd : FreeBSD
hpux|hpuxgcc : HP-UX cc (hpux) or gcc (hpuxgcc)
linux : Linux
netbsd : NetBSD
nextstep|next|ns|nxt : NEXTSTEP
openbsd : OpenBSD
openstep|os : OPENSTEP
osr|sco : SCO OpenServer < 6.0.0, SCO devloper's compiler
osrgcc|scogcc : SCO OpenServer < 6.0.0, gcc compiler
osr6 : SCO OpenServer 6.0.0, SCO compiler
solaris|solariscc : Solaris gcc (solaris) or cc (solariscc)
tru64 : Tru64 UNIX
unixware|uw : SCO|Caldera UnixWare
[root@xifenfei lsof_4.86_src]# ./Configure linux
[root@xifenfei lsof_4.86_src]# make
[root@xifenfei lsof_4.86_src]# make install
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