一、修改oracle用户环境变量
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[oracle@oracle ~]$ su - oracle [oracle@oracle ~]$ vim .bash_profile
# .bash_profile # Get the aliases and functions if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then . ~/.bashrc fi # User specific environment and startup programs export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1 export ORACLE_SID=ORACLEDB export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export PATH
[oracle@oracle ~]$ source .bash_profile
二、启动监听
[oracle@oracle ~]$ lsnrctl start
三、手工建库
1、创建Oracle数据目录：
1: [oracle@oracle ~]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/ORACLEDB 2: [oracle@oracle ~]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/ORACLEDB 3: [oracle@oracle ~]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/flash_recovery_area
2、创建Oracle的口令认证
1: [oracle@oracle ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs 2: [oracle@oracle dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwORACLEDB password=oracle entries=30
3、创建初始化参数文件
a、以官方参数文件为模板创建初始化参数文件
1: [oracle@oracle ~]cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs 2: [oracle@oracle ~]cat init.ora |grep -v ^#|grep -v ^$> initORACLEDB.ora
b、修改初始化参数文件
修改前：
db_name='ORCL' memory_target=1G processes = 150 audit_file_dest='/admin/orcl/adump' audit_trail ='db' db_block_size=8192 db_domain='' db_recovery_file_dest=' /flash_recovery_area' db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G diagnostic_dest=' ' dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ORCLXDB)' open_cursors=300 remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' # You may want to ensure that control files are created on separate physical # devices control_files = (ora_control1, ora_control2) compatible ='11.2.0'
在vim末行命令的编辑状态中输入
1: :%s#orcl#ORACLEDB#gi里面替换的orcl的字符串。其中i命令不区分大小写。 2: :%s#ora_control1#/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/control01.ctl#g替换ora_control1的字符串。 3: :%s#ora_control2#/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/control02.ctl#g替换ora_control2的字符串。 4: :%s##/u01/app/oracle#g替换 的字符串。 5: :wq命令保存配置
修改后：
db_name='ORACLEDB' memory_target=1G processes = 150 audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/ORACLEDB/adump' audit_trail ='db' db_block_size=8192 db_domain='' db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area' db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle' dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ORACLEDBXDB)' open_cursors=300 remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' # You may want to ensure that control files are created on separate physical # devices control_files = (/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/control01.ctl, /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/control02.ctl) compatible ='11.2.0'
4、连接数据库实例
1: 命令文件连接： 2: [oracle@oracle ~]sqlplus sys/oracle as sysdba 3: SYS@>create spfile from pfile;
5、启动实例
1: SYS@>startup nomount
6、在当前目录创建create database语句创建数据库
CREATE DATABASE ORACLEDB
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/redo01a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/redo01b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/redo02a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/redo02b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/redo03a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/redo03b.log') SIZE 100M BLOCKSIZE 512
MAXLOGFILES 5
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXLOGHISTORY 1
MAXDATAFILES 100
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
DEFAULT TABLESPACE users
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/users01.dbf'
SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1
TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/temp01.dbf'
SIZE 20M REUSE
UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORACLEDB/undotbs01.dbf'
SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;给文件授予权限,并执行脚本：
1: [oracle@oracle dbs]chmod 755 create_database.sql 2: [oracle@oracle dbs]sqlplus / as sysdba 3: SYS@>@create_database.sql 4: Database created.
7、执行脚本并构建数据字典视图
1: [oracle@oracle ~] sqlplus / as sysdba 2: SYS@>@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql 3: SYS@>@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql 4: SYS@>@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
8、使用system用户登录，执行脚本
1: [oracle@oracle ~]sqlplus system/oracle 2: SYSTEM@> @?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql
四、验证数据库，是否正常：
1:[oracle@oracle ~]sqlplus / as sysdba 2:SYS@>select INSTANCE_NAME,STATUS from v$instance; INSTANCE_NAME STATUS ---------------- ------------ OEACLEDB OPEN