本实例测试ORACLE 11g使用rman复制数据库。11g的RMAN duplicate 可以通过Active database duplicate和Backup-based duplicate两种方法实现。这里的测试使用的是Backup-based duplicate。
10年的安丘网站建设经验，针对设计、前端、开发、售后、文案、推广等六对一服务，响应快，48小时及时工作处理。全网营销推广的优势是能够根据用户设备显示端的尺寸不同，自动调整安丘建站的显示方式，使网站能够适用不同显示终端，在浏览器中调整网站的宽度，无论在任何一种浏览器上浏览网站，都能展现优雅布局与设计，从而大程度地提升浏览体验。创新互联从事“安丘网站设计”,“安丘网站推广”以来，每个客户项目都认真落实执行。
应用场景。基于Active database duplicate参考http://hbxztc.blog.51cto.com/1587495/1872754
1、旧库或网络不可用，但是有备份
实验环境：
target db：
ip 192.168.56.10
oracle_sid=mydb
oracle_version=11.2.0.3
auxiliary db：
ip 192.168.56.150
oracle_sid=oradu
oracle_version=11.2.0.3
1、备份target db
RMAN> backup database include current controlfile plus archivelog delete all input;
Starting backup at 20-MAR-16
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=25 RECID=47 STAMP=906998693
input archived log thread=1 sequence=26 RECID=48 STAMP=906999061
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20-MAR-16
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20-MAR-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/34r0vd8l_1_1 tag=TAG20160320T161101 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/arch/1_25_906314379.dbf RECID=47 STAMP=906998693
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/arch/1_26_906314379.dbf RECID=48 STAMP=906999061
Finished backup at 20-MAR-16
Starting backup at 20-MAR-16
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mydb/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mydb/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mydb/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mydb/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20-MAR-16
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20-MAR-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/35r0vd8m_1_1 tag=TAG20160320T161102 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20-MAR-16
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20-MAR-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/36r0vdad_1_1 tag=TAG20160320T161102 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 20-MAR-16
Starting backup at 20-MAR-16
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=27 RECID=49 STAMP=906999120
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20-MAR-16
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20-MAR-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/37r0vdag_1_1 tag=TAG20160320T161200 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/arch/1_27_906314379.dbf RECID=49 STAMP=906999120
Finished backup at 20-MAR-16
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 20-MAR-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/c-2820637901-20160320-05 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 20-MAR-16
2、复制参数文件和创建密码文件
--必须保持target DB和auxiliary DB的密码一致。这里我直接把target db的密码文件复制到auxiliary db对应的目录下
--target db上执行
[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ scp orapwmydb oracle@192.168.56.150:/home/oracle
oracle@192.168.56.150's password:
orapwmydb 100% 1536 1.5KB/s 00:00
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ scp initmydb.ora oracle@192.168.56.150:/home/oracle
oracle@192.168.56.150's password:
initmydb.ora 100% 193 0.2KB/s 00:00
3、把旧机器的备份复制到新机器上的对应目录
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ scp /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/34r0vd8l_1_1 oracle@192.168.56.150:/home/oracle/bak
oracle@192.168.56.150's password:
34r0vd8l_1_1 100% 5457KB 5.3MB/s 00:00
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ scp /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/35r0vd8m_1_1 oracle@192.168.56.150:/home/oracle/bak
oracle@192.168.56.150's password:
35r0vd8m_1_1 100% 1049MB 15.0MB/s 01:10
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ scp /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/36r0vdad_1_1 oracle@192.168.56.150:/home/oracle/bak
oracle@192.168.56.150's password:
36r0vdad_1_1 100% 9952KB 9.7MB/s 00:00
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ scp /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/37r0vdag_1_1 oracle@192.168.56.150:/home/oracle/bak
oracle@192.168.56.150's password:
37r0vdag_1_1 100% 10KB 10.0KB/s 00:00
4、更改密码文件、参数文件的文件名和参数文件中的对应的实例名(实例名不变时不需要执行),
把目录转换参数加入参数文件中(实例名、目录不变时不需要)
本实验中更新实例名为oradu
[oracle@localhost ~]$ mv initmydb.ora initoradu.ora
[oracle@localhost ~]$ mv orapwmydb orapworadu
vi initoradu.ora把所有的旧实例名mydb改为oradu，并加入转换参数
db_file_name_convert=('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mydb/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/')
log_file_name_convert=('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/mydb/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/')
新建目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/
不改变实例名只需要新建目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/mydb/
移动参数文件和密码文件到默认目录中/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/
[oracle@localhost ~]$ mv initoradu.ora /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/
[oracle@localhost ~]$ mv orapworadu /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/
5、启动到nomount
[oracle@localhost ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=oradu
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sun Mar 20 16:31:43 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
File created.
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 238034944 bytes
Fixed Size 2227136 bytes
Variable Size 180356160 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 5120000 bytes
SQL>
6、使用RMAN开始复制
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rman auxiliary /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Sun Mar 20 16:33:11 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to auxiliary database: ORADU (not mounted)
RMAN> duplicate database to oradu backup location '/home/oracle/bak';
Starting Duplicate Db at 20-MAR-16
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone "alter system set db_name =
''MYDB'' comment=
''Modified by RMAN duplicate'' scope=spfile";
sql clone "alter system set db_unique_name =
''ORADU'' comment=
''Modified by RMAN duplicate'' scope=spfile";
shutdown clone immediate;
startup clone force nomount
restore clone primary controlfile from '/home/oracle/bak/36r0vdad_1_1';
alter clone database mount;
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter system set db_name = ''MYDB'' comment= ''Modified by RMAN duplicate'' scope=spfile
sql statement: alter system set db_unique_name = ''ORADU'' comment= ''Modified by RMAN duplicate'' scope=spfile
Oracle instance shut down
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 238034944 bytes
Fixed Size 2227136 bytes
Variable Size 180356160 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 5120000 bytes
Starting restore at 20-MAR-16
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISK
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/control01.ctl
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/control02.ctl
Finished restore at 20-MAR-16
database mounted
released channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISK
contents of Memory Script:
{
set until scn 2815228;
set newname for datafile 1 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/system01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 2 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/sysaux01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 3 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/undotbs01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 4 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/users01.dbf";
restore
clone database
;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting restore at 20-MAR-16
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/system01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/users01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/bak/35r0vd8m_1_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/bak/35r0vd8m_1_1 tag=TAG20160320T161102
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:05
Finished restore at 20-MAR-16
contents of Memory Script:
{
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=907000504 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/system01.dbf
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=907000504 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=7 STAMP=907000504 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP=907000504 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/users01.dbf
contents of Memory Script:
{
set until scn 2815228;
recover
clone database
delete archivelog
;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting recover at 20-MAR-16
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
starting media recovery
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=27
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/bak/37r0vdag_1_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/bak/37r0vdag_1_1 tag=TAG20160320T161200
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/arch2_27_906314379.dbf thread=1 sequence=27
channel clone_default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/arch2_27_906314379.dbf RECID=1 STAMP=907000505
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 20-MAR-16
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 238034944 bytes
Fixed Size 2227136 bytes
Variable Size 180356160 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 5120000 bytes
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone "alter system set db_name =
''ORADU'' comment=
''Reset to original value by RMAN'' scope=spfile";
sql clone "alter system reset db_unique_name scope=spfile";
shutdown clone immediate;
startup clone nomount;
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter system set db_name = ''ORADU'' comment= ''Reset to original value by RMAN'' scope=spfile
sql statement: alter system reset db_unique_name scope=spfile
Oracle instance shut down
connected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 238034944 bytes
Fixed Size 2227136 bytes
Variable Size 180356160 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 5120000 bytes
sql statement: CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE SET DATABASE "ORADU" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 ( '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/redo01.log', '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/redo01_01.log' ) SIZE 100 M REUSE,
GROUP 2 ( '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/redo02.log', '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/redo02_01.log' ) SIZE 100 M REUSE,
GROUP 3 ( '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/redo03.log', '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/redo03_01.log' ) SIZE 100 M REUSE,
GROUP 4 ( '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/redo04.log', '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/redo04_01.log' ) SIZE 100 M REUSE
DATAFILE
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/system01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
contents of Memory Script:
{
set newname for tempfile 1 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/temp01.dbf";
switch clone tempfile all;
catalog clone datafilecopy "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/sysaux01.dbf",
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/undotbs01.dbf",
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/users01.dbf";
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed tempfile 1 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/temp01.dbf in control file
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/sysaux01.dbf RECID=1 STAMP=907000517
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/undotbs01.dbf RECID=2 STAMP=907000517
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/users01.dbf RECID=3 STAMP=907000517
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=1 STAMP=907000517 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=2 STAMP=907000517 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=907000517 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/oradu/users01.dbf
Reenabling controlfile options for auxiliary database
Executing: alter database add supplemental log data
contents of Memory Script:
{
Alter clone database open resetlogs;
}
executing Memory Script
database opened
Finished Duplicate Db at 20-MAR-16
RMAN>
7、验证是否可用
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sun Mar 20 16:36:52 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> select name,open_mode from v$database;
NAME OPEN_MODE
--------- --------------------
ORADU READ WRITE