本来一直都有玩下ASM EXTEND RAC这样的想法，苦于没有资源测试，等。。。。。
老天不负有心人啊~哈哈！终于有资源玩了。
2套存储：EMS跟HDS，分别放在不同的机房。
由于原测试系统用的是文件系统，故要将其先改为ASM，再创建ASM EXTEND RAC。
此次修改成ASM EXTEND RAC遇到一系列问题，虽然解决这些问题有过苦恼，但EXTEND RAC成功完成之后，有种莫名的成就感，
各位看官大问题解决之后有木有同感~ 呵呵
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1．系统环境
主机OS版本：AIX 7.1 ("7100-02-03-1334")
ORACLE版本：oracle 11.2.0.3 PSU10
是否RAC：是
节点个数：4个
存储：HDS 100G,EMS 50G
ASM或文件系统：赛门铁克VERITAS卷管理工具搭建集群文件系统
RAM : 128
SWAP: 13G
8GB
IBM JDK 1.6.0.00 (64 BIT)
/oracle 50GB
/oraclelog 30GB
/ocrvote 2G
/archivelog 400G
/oradata 850
100.15.64.180 testdb1
100.15.64.181 testdb2
100.15.64.182 testdb3
100.15.64.183 testdb4
100.15.64.184 testdb1-vip
100.15.64.185 testdb2-vip
100.15.64.186 testdb3-vip
100.15.64.187 testdb4-vip
100.15.64.188 testdb-scan
7.154.64.1 testdb1-priv
7.154.64.2 testdb2-priv
7.154.64.3 testdb3-priv
7.154.64.4 testdb4-priv
2．文件系统更换成ASM
chown grid:asmadmin /dev/vx/rdmp/remc0_04a1
chown grid:asmadmin /dev/vx/rdmp/rhitachi_v0_11cd
chmod 660 /dev/vx/rdmp/remc0_04a1
chmod 660 /dev/vx/rdmp/rhitachi_v0_11cd
(注：由于测试库使用的是赛门铁克的存储多路径软件，故无需修改磁盘属性)
su – grid
export DISPLAY=100.15.70.169:0.0
asmca
(注：创建OCTVOTE磁盘组选NORMAL冗余，创建2个故障组，最少3块磁盘，建议选用3块磁盘，当asm的故障组如果有多余3块盘，votedisk迁移到这个磁盘组也只用其中的3块盘。使用crsctl query css votedisk只看到votedisk放在3块盘上。磁盘组的可用空间以其故障组总大小最小的为准)
su – grid
export DISPLAY=100.15.70.169:0.0
asmca
注：同一边的存储放在一个故障组中。
oracle 11G之后的ASM需要将rdbms的compatible参数修改为11.2.0.0，这个参数默认的是10.2.0.0，如果这个参数不修改，后面如果使用两个故障组，其中一个故障组故障修复后，将故障组在线online的时候会报如下错:
ORA-15283: ASM operation requires compatible.rdbms of 11.1.0.0.0 or higher
修改命令：
alter diskgroup SYSDG set attribute 'compatible.rdbms'='11.2.0.0';
select name,COMPATIBILITY,DATABASE_COMPATIBILITY from v$asm_diskgroup;
----compatibility对应asm的版本，
DATABASE_COMPATIBILITY --- 兼容数据库版本
因为本次测试没建库，所以不涉及数据文件迁移，如需迁移，使用RMAN实现。
1)查看ocr跟votedisk
root@testdb1:/#/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/ocrcheck
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version : 3
Total space (kbytes) : 262120
Used space (kbytes) : 3296
Available space (kbytes) : 258824
ID : 1187520997
Device/File Name : /ocrvote/ocr1
Device/File integrity check succeeded
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Cluster registry integrity check succeeded
Logical corruption check succeeded
root@testdb1:/#/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl query css votedisk
## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group
-- ----- ----------------- --------- ---------
1. ONLINE a948649dc0e14f65bf171ba2ca496962 (/ocrvote/votedisk1) []
2. ONLINE a5f290d560684f47bf82eb3d34db5fc7 (/ocrvote/votedisk2) []
3. ONLINE 49617fb984fc4fcdbf5b7566a9e1778f (/ocrvote/votedisk3) []
Located 3 voting disk(s).
2)查看资源状态
$ crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATADG.dg
ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ONLINE ONLINE testdb2
ONLINE ONLINE testdb3
ONLINE ONLINE testdb4
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ONLINE ONLINE testdb2
ONLINE ONLINE testdb3
ONLINE ONLINE testdb4
ora.OCRVOTE.dg
ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ONLINE ONLINE testdb2
ONLINE ONLINE testdb3
ONLINE ONLINE testdb4
ora.SYSDG.dg
ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ONLINE ONLINE testdb2
ONLINE ONLINE testdb3
ONLINE ONLINE testdb4
ora.asm
ONLINE ONLINE testdb1 Started
ONLINE ONLINE testdb2 Started
ONLINE ONLINE testdb3 Started
ONLINE ONLINE testdb4 Started
ora.gsd
OFFLINE OFFLINE testdb1
OFFLINE OFFLINE testdb2
OFFLINE OFFLINE testdb3
OFFLINE OFFLINE testdb4
ora.net1.network
ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ONLINE ONLINE testdb2
ONLINE ONLINE testdb3
ONLINE ONLINE testdb4
ora.ons
ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ONLINE ONLINE testdb2
ONLINE ONLINE testdb3
ONLINE ONLINE testdb4
ora.registry.acfs
ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ONLINE ONLINE testdb2
ONLINE ONLINE testdb3
ONLINE ONLINE testdb4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
1 ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ora.cvu
1 ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ora.oc4j
1 ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ora.scan1.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ora.testdb1.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ora.testdb2.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE testdb2
ora.testdb3.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE testdb3
ora.testdb4.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE testdb4
3)备份OCR
root@testdb1:/#/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/ocrconfig -manualbackup
root@testdb1:/#/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/ocrconfig -showbackup
4)将OCR增加到磁盘组中并删除原有文件系统中的OCR
root@testdb1:/#/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/ocrconfig -add +OCRVOTE
root@testdb1:/#/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/ocrcheck
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version : 3
Total space (kbytes) : 262120
Used space (kbytes) : 3336
Available space (kbytes) : 258784
ID : 1187520997
Device/File Name : /ocrvote/ocr1
Device/File integrity check succeeded
Device/File Name : +OCRVOTE
Device/File integrity check succeeded
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Cluster registry integrity check succeeded
Logical corruption check succeeded
root@testdb1:/#/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/ocrconfig -delete /ocrvote/ocr1
root@testdb1:/#/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/ocrcheck
Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :
Version : 3
Total space (kbytes) : 262120
Used space (kbytes) : 3336
Available space (kbytes) : 258784
ID : 1187520997
Device/File Name : +OCRVOTE
Device/File integrity check succeeded
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Device/File not configured
Cluster registry integrity check succeeded
Logical corruption check succeeded
5)将votedisk迁移至文件系统中
root@testdb1:/#/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl query css votedisk
## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group
-- ----- ----------------- --------- ---------
1. ONLINE a948649dc0e14f65bf171ba2ca496962 (/ocrvote/votedisk1) []
2. ONLINE a5f290d560684f47bf82eb3d34db5fc7 (/ocrvote/votedisk2) []
3. ONLINE 49617fb984fc4fcdbf5b7566a9e1778f (/ocrvote/votedisk3) []
Located 3 voting disk(s).
root@testdb1:/#/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl replace votedisk +OCRVOTE
CRS-4256: Updating the profile
Successful addition of voting disk 3a5e5e8622024f17bf0c1a4594e303f5.
Successful addition of voting disk 92ff4555f7064f70bf3c022bd687dbc5.
Successful addition of voting disk 19a1fed74b7f4fb6bf780d43b5427dc9.
Successful deletion of voting disk a948649dc0e14f65bf171ba2ca496962.
Successful deletion of voting disk a5f290d560684f47bf82eb3d34db5fc7.
Successful deletion of voting disk 49617fb984fc4fcdbf5b7566a9e1778f.
Successfully replaced voting disk group with +OCRVOTE.
CRS-4256: Updating the profile
CRS-4266: Voting file(s) successfully replaced
root@testdb1:/#/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl query css votedisk
## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group
-- ----- ----------------- --------- ---------
1. ONLINE 3a5e5e8622024f17bf0c1a4594e303f5 (/dev/vx/rdmp/emc0_04a1) [OCRVOTE]
2. ONLINE 92ff4555f7064f70bf3c022bd687dbc5 (/dev/vx/rdmp/hitachi_vsp0_11cc) [OCRVOTE]
3. ONLINE 19a1fed74b7f4fb6bf780d43b5427dc9 (/dev/vx/rdmp/emc0_04c1) [OCRVOTE]
Located 3 voting disk(s).
3.将NFS添加至磁盘组OCTVOTE中，作为第三块仲裁盘
asm extend rac需要在2套存储之外的地方放置一台linux的pc server，并需要在这台server上创建一个文件系统。 将此文件系统以NFS形式挂载到asm extend rac的服务器端，NFS上需要使用dd命令生成盘。
系统版本：Linux el5 x86_64
groupadd -g 1000 oinstall
groupadd -g 1100 asmadmin
useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G oinstall,asmadmin -d /home/grid -c "GRID Software Owner" grid
注：建议nfs服务器用户ID、组ID跟生产库一致
cd /oradata
mkdir votedisk
chown 1100:1100 votedisk
vi /etc/exports
新增如下行
/oradata/votedisk *(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=1100,anongid=1100)
service nfs stop
service nfs start
[root@ywtcdb ~]# exportfs -v
/oradata 100.15.64.*(rw,wdelay,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check,anonuid=65534,anongid=65534)
/oradata/votedisk
(注：红色部分为新增部分)
su - root
mkdir /voting_disk
chown grid:asmadmin/voting_disk
vi /etc/filesystems
新增如下内容：
/voting_disk:
dev = "/oradata/votedisk"
vfs = nfs
nodename = ywtcdb
mount = true
options = rw,bg,hard,intr,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,timeo=600,vers=3,proto=tcp,noac,sec=sys
account = false
(注：严格按照/etc/filesystems的已有选项进行配置，包括标点符号，空格等，建议使用smit nfs命令进行nfs配置，并在命令配置完成之后修改/etc/filesystems文件中对应挂载目录的options属性，options属性必须是rw,bg,hard,intr,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,timeo=600,vers=3,proto=tcp,noac,sec=sys)
使用smit nfs命令设置启动自动挂载nfs
#smit nfs
[TOP] [Entry Fields]
* Pathname of mount point [/voting_disk]
* Pathname of remote directory [/oradata/votedisk]
* Host where remote directory resides [ywtcdb]
Mount type name []
* Security method [sys]
* Mount now, add entry to /etc/filesystems or both? both
* /etc/filesystems entry will mount the directory yes
/usr/sbin/nfso –p -o nfs_use_reserved_ports=1
或nfso -p -o nfs_use_reserved_ports=1
su - root
mount -v nfs -o rw,bg,hard,intr,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,timeo=600,vers=3,proto=tcp,noac,sec=sys 100.15.57.125:/oradata/votedisk /voting_disk
注:命令中的100.15.57.125问NFS服务器的IP, /oradata/votedisk为NFS服务器的目录，/voting_disk为生产主机的目录。
dd if=/dev/zero of=/voting_disk/vote_disk_nfs bs=1M count=1000
su – grid
export DISPLAY=100.15.70.169:0.0
asmca
在asmca中要先改变Disk Discovery Path
修改前：
/dev/vx/rdmp/*
修改后：
/voting_disk/vote_disk_nfs, /dev/vx/rdmp/*
将盘/voting_disk/vote_disk_nfs加到磁盘组OCRVOTE中的一个新的故障组中，添加完成之后我们可以看到磁盘组OCRVOTE有3个故障组。
.jpg)
$ crsctl query css votedisk
## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group
-- ----- ----------------- --------- ---------
1. ONLINE 89210622f0864ff0bf9517205691e679 (/voting_disk/vote_disk_nfs) [OCRVOTE]
2. ONLINE 55c4ee685a824ff3bf6ce510bf09468e (/dev/vx/rdmp/remc0_04a1) [OCRVOTE]
3. ONLINE 159234e88fe64f55bf0d4571362c3b07 (/dev/vx/rdmp/ rhitachi_v0_11cd) [OCRVOTE]
Located 3 voting disk(s).
4.ASM EXTEND RAC高可用测试
css日志如下：
节点1:：
2014-05-20 14:46:44.886:
[cssd(4129042)]CRS-1649:An I/O error occured for voting file: /dev/remc0_04a5; details at (:CSSNM00060:) in /oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/log/testdb1/cssd/ocssd.log.
2014-05-20 14:46:44.886:
[cssd(4129042)]CRS-1649:An I/O error occured for voting file: /dev/remc0_04a5; details at (:CSSNM00059:) in /oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/log/testdb1/cssd/ocssd.log.
2014-05-20 14:46:46.051:
[cssd(4129042)]CRS-1626:A Configuration change request completed successfully
2014-05-20 14:46:46.071:
[cssd(4129042)]CRS-1601:CSSD Reconfiguration complete. Active nodes are testdb1 testdb2 testdb3 testdb4 .
节点2：
2014-05-20 14:46:46.053:
[cssd(4195026)]CRS-1604:CSSD voting file is offline: /dev/remc0_04a5; details at (:CSSNM00069:) in /oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/log/testdb2/cssd/ocssd.log.
2014-05-20 14:46:46.053:
[cssd(4195026)]CRS-1626:A Configuration change request completed successfully
2014-05-20 14:46:46.071:
[cssd(4195026)]CRS-1601:CSSD Reconfiguration complete. Active nodes are testdb1 testdb2 testdb3 testdb4 .
节点3：
2014-05-20 14:46:46.053:
[cssd(3604942)]CRS-1604:CSSD voting file is offline: /dev/remc0_04a5; details at (:CSSNM00069:) in /oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/log/testdb3/cssd/ocssd.log.
2014-05-20 14:46:46.053:
[cssd(3604942)]CRS-1626:A Configuration change request completed successfully
2014-05-20 14:46:46.074:
[cssd(3604942)]CRS-1601:CSSD Reconfiguration complete. Active nodes are testdb1 testdb2 testdb3 testdb4 .
节点4：
2014-05-20 14:46:46.053:
[cssd(3015132)]CRS-1604:CSSD voting file is offline: /dev/remc0_04a5; details at (:CSSNM00069:) in /oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/log/testdb4/cssd/ocssd.log.
2014-05-20 14:46:46.053:
[cssd(3015132)]CRS-1626:A Configuration change request completed successfully
2014-05-20 14:46:46.073:
[cssd(3015132)]CRS-1601:CSSD Reconfiguration complete. Active nodes are testdb1 testdb2 testdb3 testdb4 .
CRS状态正常:
testdb3:/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/log/testdb3/cssd(testdb3)$/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATADG.dg
ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ONLINE ONLINE testdb2
ONLINE ONLINE testdb3
ONLINE ONLINE testdb4
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ONLINE ONLINE testdb2
ONLINE ONLINE testdb3
ONLINE ONLINE testdb4
ora.OCRVOTE.dg
ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ONLINE ONLINE testdb2
ONLINE ONLINE testdb3
ONLINE ONLINE testdb4
ora.SYSDG.dg
ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ONLINE ONLINE testdb2
ONLINE ONLINE testdb3
ONLINE ONLINE testdb4
ora.asm
ONLINE ONLINE testdb1 Started
ONLINE ONLINE testdb2 Started
ONLINE ONLINE testdb3 Started
ONLINE ONLINE testdb4 Started
ora.gsd
OFFLINE OFFLINE testdb1
OFFLINE OFFLINE testdb2
OFFLINE OFFLINE testdb3
OFFLINE OFFLINE testdb4
ora.net1.network
ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ONLINE ONLINE testdb2
ONLINE ONLINE testdb3
ONLINE ONLINE testdb4
ora.ons
ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ONLINE ONLINE testdb2
ONLINE ONLINE testdb3
ONLINE ONLINE testdb4
ora.registry.acfs
ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ONLINE ONLINE testdb2
ONLINE ONLINE testdb3
ONLINE ONLINE testdb4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
1 ONLINE ONLINE
testdb4
ora.cvu
1 ONLINE ONLINE testdb3
ora.oc4j
1 ONLINE ONLINE testdb3
ora.scan1.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE testdb4
ora.testdb.db
1 ONLINE ONLINE testdb1 Open
2 ONLINE ONLINE testdb2 Open
3 ONLINE ONLINE testdb3 Open
4 ONLINE ONLINE testdb4 Open
ora.testdb1.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE testdb1
ora.testdb2.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE testdb2
ora.testdb3.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE testdb3
ora.testdb4.vip