本文小编为大家详细介绍“Ubuntu下如何安装Docker CE”，内容详细，步骤清晰，细节处理妥当，希望这篇“Ubuntu下如何安装Docker CE”文章能帮助大家解决疑惑，下面跟着小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来学习新知识吧。
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安装依赖
关于docker ce版本在ubuntu下安装有如下限制
64位的os
需要ubuntu64bit的os, 确认方法如下
devops@ubuntu:~$ uname -m
x86_64
devops@ubuntu:~$
版本
支持如下ubuntu的版本
artful 17.10
xenial 16.04 (lts)
trusty 14.04 (lts)
注意：其中artful 17.10只支持docker ce17.11 edge以及以后版本，因为artful本身也是在2017年10月发行的过渡版本
发行代码的确认方式，比如artful
devops@ubuntu:~$ lsb_release -cs
artful
devops@ubuntu:~$
硬件
ubuntu对docker ce的支持除了需要是64位的os之外，x86的cpu也是需要的。除了x86之外，还有如下的支持类型
armhf
s390x（ibm z）
ppc64le （ibm power）
devops@ubuntu:~$ uname -m
x86_64
devops@ubuntu:~$
安装
apt-get update
使用apt-get update更新源中的软件列表
devops@ubuntu:~$ sudo su
[sudo] password for devops:
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get update
hit:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful inrelease
get:2 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates inrelease [78.6 kb]
hit:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-backports inrelease
get:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-security inrelease [78.6 kb]
get:5 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main i386 packages [212 kb]
get:6 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main amd64 packages [216 kb]
get:7 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/universe i386 packages [89.0 kb]
get:8 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/universe amd64 packages [89.9 kb]
fetched 764 kb in 4s (163 kb/s)
reading package lists... done
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
安装所需的package
命令：apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
执行日志
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
reading package lists... done
building dependency tree
reading state information... done
ca-certificates is already the newest version (20170717).
software-properties-common is already the newest version (0.96.24.17).
the following additional packages will be installed:
libcurl3
the following new packages will be installed:
apt-transport-https
the following packages will be upgraded:
curl libcurl3
2 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 53 not upgraded.
need to get 383 kb of archives.
after this operation, 247 kb of additional disk space will be used.
do you want to continue? [y/n] y
get:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main amd64 apt-transport-https amd64 1.5.1 [34.7 kb]
get:2 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main amd64 curl amd64 7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3 [152 kb]
get:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main amd64 libcurl3 amd64 7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3 [196 kb]
fetched 383 kb in 14s (26.2 kb/s)
perl: warning: setting locale failed.
perl: warning: please check that your locale settings:
language = "en_hk:en",
lc_all = (unset),
lc_ctype = "utf-8",
lang = "en_hk.utf-8"
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: falling back to a fallback locale ("en_hk.utf-8").
locale: cannot set lc_ctype to default locale: no such file or directory
locale: cannot set lc_all to default locale: no such file or directory
selecting previously unselected package apt-transport-https.
(reading database ... 63866 files and directories currently installed.)
preparing to unpack .../apt-transport-https_1.5.1_amd64.deb ...
unpacking apt-transport-https (1.5.1) ...
preparing to unpack .../curl_7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3_amd64.deb ...
unpacking curl (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) over (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.2) ...
preparing to unpack .../libcurl3_7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3_amd64.deb ...
unpacking libcurl3:amd64 (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) over (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.2) ...
setting up apt-transport-https (1.5.1) ...
setting up libcurl3:amd64 (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) ...
processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2) ...
processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-2) ...
setting up curl (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) ...
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#添加gpg key
使用如下命令添加docker官方的gpg key，
命令：curl -fssl | sudo apt-key add -
执行日志
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# curl -fssl https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
ok
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
此key的数字签名为9dc8 5822 9fc7 dd38 854a e2d8 8d81 803c 0ebf cd88，所以可以用其最后8位进行确认
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-key fingerprint 0ebfcd88
pub rsa4096 2017-02-22 [scea]
9dc8 5822 9fc7 dd38 854a e2d8 8d81 803c 0ebf cd88
uid [ unknown] docker release (ce deb)
sub rsa4096 2017-02-22 [s]
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
设定stable源仓库
使用如下命令设定x86安装类型的stable源仓库
命令：add-apt-repository “deb [arch=amd64] $(lsb_release -cs) stable”
如果是其他类型的化，对应关系参看如下，将上述命令中的arch=amd64进行替换即可
执行日志：
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
apt-get update
再次使用apt-get update更新源中的软件列表
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get update
hit:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful inrelease
get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-security inrelease [78.6 kb]
get:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates inrelease [78.6 kb]
hit:4 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-backports inrelease
get:5 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful inrelease [51.9 kb]
get:6 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 packages [1462 b]
fetched 211 kb in 2s (85.8 kb/s)
reading package lists... done
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
安装docker-ce
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get install docker-ce
reading package lists... done
building dependency tree
reading state information... done
the following additional packages will be installed:
aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount libltdl7
the following new packages will be installed:
aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount docker-ce libltdl7
0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 53 not upgraded.
need to get 29.9 mb of archives.
after this operation, 150 mb of additional disk space will be used.
do you want to continue? [y/n] y
get:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/universe amd64 aufs-tools amd64 1:4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1 [102 kb]
get:2 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 docker-ce amd64 17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu [29.8 mb]
get:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 cgroupfs-mount all 1.4 [6320 b]
get:4 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/main amd64 libltdl7 amd64 2.4.6-2 [38.8 kb]
fetched 29.9 mb in 8s (3536 kb/s)
perl: warning: setting locale failed.
perl: warning: please check that your locale settings:
language = "en_hk:en",
lc_all = (unset),
lc_ctype = "utf-8",
lang = "en_hk.utf-8"
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: falling back to a fallback locale ("en_hk.utf-8").
locale: cannot set lc_ctype to default locale: no such file or directory
locale: cannot set lc_all to default locale: no such file or directory
selecting previously unselected package aufs-tools.
(reading database ... 63874 files and directories currently installed.)
preparing to unpack .../aufs-tools_1%3a4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ...
unpacking aufs-tools (1:4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1) ...
selecting previously unselected package cgroupfs-mount.
preparing to unpack .../cgroupfs-mount_1.4_all.deb ...
unpacking cgroupfs-mount (1.4) ...
selecting previously unselected package libltdl7:amd64.
preparing to unpack .../libltdl7_2.4.6-2_amd64.deb ...
unpacking libltdl7:amd64 (2.4.6-2) ...
selecting previously unselected package docker-ce.
preparing to unpack .../docker-ce_17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu_amd64.deb ...
unpacking docker-ce (17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu) ...
setting up aufs-tools (1:4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1) ...
processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-20) ...
setting up cgroupfs-mount (1.4) ...
processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2) ...
processing triggers for systemd (234-2ubuntu12.1) ...
setting up libltdl7:amd64 (2.4.6-2) ...
processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-2) ...
setting up docker-ce (17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu) ...
created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service → /lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/docker.socket → /lib/systemd/system/docker.socket.
processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-20) ...
processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2) ...
processing triggers for systemd (234-2ubuntu12.1) ...
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#指定版本安装
如果希望指定版本方式安装，则在安装时需要指定docker-ce=17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu版本方式即可
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-cache madison docker-ce
docker-ce | 17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 packages
docker-ce | 17.12.0~ce-0~ubuntu | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 packages
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get install docker-ce=17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu
reading package lists... done
building dependency tree
reading state information... done
docker-ce is already the newest version (17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 53 not upgraded.
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
安装后确认
版本确认
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# docker version
client:
version: 17.12.1-ce
api version: 1.35
go version: go1.9.4
git commit: 7390fc6
built: tue feb 27 22:17:53 2018
os/arch: linux/amd64
server:
engine:
version: 17.12.1-ce
api version: 1.35 (minimum version 1.12)
go version: go1.9.4
git commit: 7390fc6
built: tue feb 27 22:16:25 2018
os/arch: linux/amd64
experimental: false
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
整体信息
可以看出很多基本信息，比如存储方式为overlay2
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# docker info
containers: 0
running: 0
paused: 0
stopped: 0
images: 0
server version: 17.12.1-ce
storage driver: overlay2
backing filesystem: extfs
supports d_type: true
native overlay diff: true
logging driver: json-file
cgroup driver: cgroupfs
plugins:
volume: local
network: bridge host macvlan null overlay
log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file logentries splunk syslog
swarm: inactive
runtimes: runc
default runtime: runc
init binary: docker-init
containerd version: 9b55aab90508bd389d7654c4baf173a981477d55
runc version: 9f9c96235cc97674e935002fc3d78361b696a69e
init version: 949e6fa
security options:
apparmor
seccomp
profile: default
kernel version: 4.13.0-21-generic
operating system: ubuntu 17.10
ostype: linux
architecture: x86_64
cpus: 1
total memory: 988.7mib
name: ubuntu
id: tyya:4lwb:ytha:2dnb:xbxm:nfnp:admy:vzej:2zbn:kpkw:ptml:s5a2
docker root dir: /var/lib/docker
debug mode (client): false
debug mode (server): false
registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
labels:
experimental: false
insecure registries:
127.0.0.0/8
live restore enabled: false
warning: no swap limit support
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
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